Black and White 2 How to Improve Happiness
You might detest bigotry and injustice, but have you done anything to address these problems? There are many reasons we stay silent and inactive when we know we should intervene to defend the rights of others. We look at the psychology underpinning our reluctance to act and the ways in which we can match our moral beliefs with concrete actions.
Featuring James Barr and Dan Hudson, co-hosts of the podcast 'A Gay and a Non-Gay'.
WARNING: This episode talks frankly about discrimination, hate crimes and sex.
Links to references from this episode:
"This is Dolly Chugh, a professor at the NYU Stern School of Business and author of the book The Person You Mean to Be: How Good People Fight Bias."
Chugh, D. (2018). The person you mean to be: How good people fight bias. HarperCollins.
"Dolly's builder idea is similar to what historian and American University professor Ibram Kendi has called becoming an anti-racist."
Kendi, I. X. (2019). How to be an Antiracist. One World/Ballantine.
"Jennifer Richeson and Nicole Shelton had white subjects chat about a controversial issue with either a White or Black stranger."
Richeson, J. A., & Shelton, J. N. (2003). When prejudice does not pay: Effects of interracial contact on executive function. Psychological Science, 14(3), 287-290.
"And later work from Richeson's lab showed that white subjects have a really pronounced performance dip when they're reminded to not seem racist during the interaction"
Trawalter, S., & Richeson, J. A. (2006). Regulatory focus and executive function after interracial interactions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42(3), 406-412.
"Research has also shown that our minds go through a whole host of mental gymnastics when our moral identities are threatened — what psychologists call motivated reasoning."
Chugh, D. (2018). The person you mean to be: How good people fight bias. HarperCollins.
"Psychologists Taylor Phillips and Brian Lowrey posed this same question to a group of white participants, with half the subjects first hearing that statement about race that I just read to you."
Phillips, L. T., & Lowery, B. S. (2015). The hard-knock life? Whites claim hardships in response to racial inequity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 61, 12-18.
"James Barr and Dan Hudson are the duo behind the hit LGBTQ+ podcast A Gay and a Non-Gay."
A Gay and a Non-Gay Podcast
"That's why Dolly wants us to strive instead to be good-ish people."
Chugh, D. (2018). The person you mean to be: How good people fight bias. HarperCollins.
"Which means that many of us enter these hard conversations with what renowned Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck has referred to as a fixed mindset — the belief that our views are a fixed quantity."
Dweck, C. S. (2008). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House Digital, Inc.
"And what we know from the mindset research is that when you're in a fixed mindset and you make a mistake, your brain activation actually goes down, you actually withdraw attention from the mistake."
Schroder, H. S., Fisher, M. E., Lin, Y., Lo, S. L., Danovitch, J. H., & Moser, J. S. (2017). Neural evidence for enhanced attention to mistakes among school-aged children with a growth mindset. Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 24, 42-50.
"Dweck's research has shown that people with a growth mindset are willing to embrace harder and harder learning challenges. They even devote more neural resources to paying attention to their mistakes, which can aid learning."
Dweck, C. S. (2008). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House Digital, Inc.
"And Dweck along with colleagues like Jamil Zaki have shown that mindset has a significant impact on how people approach hard identity challenges."
Schumann, K., Zaki, J., & Dweck, C. S. (2014). Addressing the empathy deficit: Beliefs about the malleability of empathy predict effortful responses when empathy is challenging. Journal of personality and social psychology, 107(3), 475.
"Dweck's work has shown that it can be as simply as reminding yourself that you can change with a simple three letter word— yet."
Dweck, C. S. (2008). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House Digital, Inc.
The result was a powerful article entitled "I'm a white middle-class cis straight male and this is how I learnt how to be an LGBTQ+ ally." It was one of the first times he'd publicly applied the word ally to himself."
https://metro.co.uk/2019/07/21/im-a-white-middle-class-cis-male-and-this-is-how-i-learnt-how-to-be-an-lgbtq-ally-10325190/
"One study found that white people who call someone out for using a racist stereotype are judged less negatively than a black person who does the exact same thing using the exact same words and tone."
Czopp, A. M., & Monteith, M. J. (2003). Confronting prejudice (literally): Reactions to confrontations of racial and gender bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(4), 532-544.
"Another study showed white participants videos in which a black or white person called someone out for a racist comment."
Rasinski, H. M., & Czopp, A. M. (2010). The effect of target status on witnesses' reactions to confrontations of bias. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 32(1), 8-16.
"Richard Lapchick was introduced to the discomfort that comes from being a white ally very early on in life."
Richard Lapchik biography
"His father, Joe Lapchick, head coach of the New York Knickerbockers, had just signed Nat "Sweetwater" Clifton, one of the first African American players in the NBA."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Lapchick
"Richard is now a professor, author and human-rights activist, someone the NCAA recently christened "the racial conscience of sports."
http://www.ncaa.org/about/resources/media-center/news/lapchick-recognized-champion-diversity
Black and White 2 How to Improve Happiness
Source: https://www.happinesslab.fm/season-2-episodes/episode-10-how-to-be-a-better-ally
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